Understanding and Treating Acne: Insights from Dermatology Experts

What is Acne?

Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, and deeper lumps (cysts or nodules) that occur on the face, neck, chest, back, shoulders, and upper arms. It usually begins in puberty and affects many adolescents and young adults. Approximately 85 percent of people between the ages of 12 and 24 experience at least minor acne. However, acne can occur at any stage of life and may continue into one's 30s and 40s. Adult acne is increasing, affecting up to 15% of women.

In 2013, the costs associated with acne treatment and lost productivity exceeded $1.2 billion. More than 5.1 million people sought medical treatment for acne, primarily children and young adults, resulting in nearly $400 million in lost productivity.

Causes of Acne

Acne is caused by many factors. Overactive oil glands can produce too much oil, which combines with skin cells to plug pores. When pores become plugged, bacteria on the skin multiply, causing skin lesions. The following can bring on acne or make it worse:

1. Heredity/genetics
2. Hormones
3. Menstruation
4. Emotional stress
5. Medications
6. Foods with a high glycemic load (e.g., white grains and sweets)

For overall good health, everyone should eat a healthy, balanced diet.

We Acne Care Tips

1. Gently wash affected areas twice a day and after sweating with a mild, non-drying cleanser. Avoid vigorous washing and scrubbing, which can irritate the skin.
2. Shampoo hair as often as appropriate, noting that certain hair products can worsen acne.
3. Use noncomedogenic, nonacnegenic, and oil-free cosmetics, toiletries, and sunscreens.
4. Avoid astringents, toners, and exfoliants, which may unnecessarily dry the skin.
5. To prevent scars, do not pop, squeeze, or pick at acne.
6. Seek early treatment for severe acne to reduce the risk of scarring.

Acne Treatment Options

There are many effective acne treatments available, and your dermatologist can determine the best options for you. It's important to use prescribed medications and products as directed and allow enough time for them to take effect (about four to eight weeks). Resolution of acne takes time, and there are no overnight cures. Once your skin clears, treatment should continue to prevent new breakouts. Your dermatologist can advise when to stop treatment.

Topical Treatments

1. Topical treatments are standard for mild acne. Medications like topical retinoids and benzoyl peroxide may be combined for effective treatment.
2. Antibiotics (oral or topical) are commonly used for moderate and severe acne in combination with other treatments.

Oral Treatments

1. Oral antibiotics can be used for acne that is resistant to topical therapy or covers a large body surface area. However, due to increasing bacterial resistance, it's best not to treat mild acne with oral antibiotics. The duration of antibiotic therapy should be limited to three to four months.
2. Hormonal therapy, such as oral contraceptives containing estrogen, may help clear moderate acne in some women. Other medications like spironolactone can also be helpful.
3. Oral isotretinoin is the only medication approved for severe cystic acne and has been used for over 25 years. It often results in prolonged clearance of acne, which can be permanent for some patients. However, isotretinoin cannot be prescribed to pregnant patients due to the high risk of severe birth defects.

Advanced Treatments

1. Laser and light-based therapies, as well as chemical peels, are continually being researched for their effects on mild to moderate acne.
2. Treatments for acne scarring include laser resurfacing, dermabrasion, chemical peels, and skin fillers. Since acne scars are unique, consult your dermatologist to determine the best treatment plan.

For more detailed information, including clinical guidelines and position statements on acne and isotretinoin, visit the American Academy of Dermatology's website.

Achieve Clear, Healthy Skin with Dr. Mark A. Cappel at DERMAGNIFY 

Acne can be a persistent and frustrating condition, but you don’t have to tackle it on your own. At DERMAGNIFY, Dr. Mark A. Cappel and our experienced team are here to provide you with comprehensive, personalized care to effectively treat and manage your acne. Early treatment is essential to prevent scarring and improve your skin’s health and appearance.

Take control of your skin health and boost your confidence by making an appointment with us today. Visit DERMAGNIFY to schedule your consultation and begin your journey to clear, beautiful skin.